@proceedings {9999,
	title = {Stigmergic coordination in Wikipedia},
	year = {2018},
	abstract = {<p>We examine a novel approach to coordination, namely stigmergic coordination, that is, coordination mediated by changes to a shared work product. Stigmergy stands in contrast to the two coordination approaches identified in the existing literature on coordination, explicit coordination, based on direct communication through discussion page or user talk pages, and implicit coordination, based on unspoken expectations and shared mental models of the task to be accomplished. We look for evidence of stigmergic coordination in the context of Wikipedia, as one of the most successful experiments in online collaborative knowledge building. Using a novel approach to identifying edits to the same part of a Wikipedia article, we show that a majority of edits to two example articles are not associated with discussion on the article Talk page, suggesting the possibility of stigmergic coordination. However, some amount of discussion does seem to be related to article quality, suggesting the limits to this approach to coordination.</p>},
	keywords = {Coordination, distributed groups, on-line epistemic community, Stigmergy, Wikipedia},
	url = {http://www.opensym.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/OpenSym2018_paper_34.pdf},
	attachments = {https://crowston.syr.edu./sites/crowston.syr.edu/files/stigmergic-coordination-wikipedia\%20final.pdf},
	author = {Amira Rezgui and Kevin Crowston}
}
@article {9999,
	title = {Roles and politeness behavior in community-based Free/Libre Open Source Software development},
	journal = {Information and Management},
	volume = {54},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {573-582},
	abstract = {Community-based Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) development relies on contributions from both core and peripheral members. Prior research on core-periphery has focused on software coding-related behaviors. We study how core-periphery roles are related to social-relational behavior in terms of politeness behavior. Data from two FLOSS projects suggest that both core and peripheral members use more positive politeness strategies than negative strategies. Further, core and peripheral members use different strategies to protect positive face in positive politeness, which we term respect and intimacy respectively. Our results contribute to FLOSS research and politeness theory. 
},
	keywords = {Core-periphery structure, Open source software development, Politeness behavior},
	doi = {10.1016/j.im.2016.11.006},
	attachments = {https://crowston.syr.edu./sites/crowston.syr.edu/files/Group_maintenance\%20paper\%20to\%20share.pdf},
	author = {Kangning Wei and Kevin Crowston and Eseryel, U. Yeliz and Heckman, Robert}
}
@conference {368,
	title = {Boundary-spanning documents in online communities (Research-in-Progress)},
	booktitle = {International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS)},
	year = {2011},
	month = {12/2011},
	address = {Shanghai, China},
	abstract = {Online communities bring together people with varied access to and understanding of the work at hand, who must collaborate through documents of various kinds. We develop a framework articulating the characteristics of documents supporting collaborators with asymmetric access to knowledge versus those with symmetric knowledge. Drawing on theories about document genre, boundary objects and provenance, we hypothesize that documents supporting asymmetric groups are likely to articulate or prescribe their own 1) purpose, 2) context of use and 3) content and form and 4) provenance in greater detail than documents used by people with symmetric access to knowledge. We are testing these hypotheses through content analysis of documents and instructions from a variety of free/libre open source projects. We present preliminary findings consistent with the hypotheses developed. The completed study will suggest new directions for research on communications in online communities, as well as advice for those supporting such communities. },
	keywords = {boundary objects, Documents, Genre, Online communities, provenance},
	attachments = {https://crowston.syr.edu./sites/crowston.syr.edu/files/s1-ln10612586-928182863-1939656818Hwf394207478IdV-120335818210612586PDF_HI0001.pdf},
	author = {Carsten {\O}sterlund and Kevin Crowston}
}
@article {Scozzi:2005,
	title = {Methods for modeling and supporting innovation processes in SMEs},
	journal = {European Journal of Innovation Management},
	volume = {8},
	number = {1},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {120{\textendash}137},
	abstract = {Purpose {\textendash} Sets out to investigate business modeling techniques (BMTs) which can be used to support and improve innovation processes within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

Design/methodology/approach {\textendash} Based on a literature review, different analysis perspectives on innovation processes are identified and discussed, and some firm needs and problems are pointed out. The importance of BMTs to firms is further tested by an empirical study whose initial results are
reported. Finally, by matching problems and techniques characterized by the same ontology, the BMTs most suitable to address SME needs are identified and their role within the innovation process discussed.

Findings {\textendash} The main result of the paper is the identification of the problems facing SMEs in innovation processes and the possible support offered by BMTs. Though methods and models alone do not assure the success in the innovation development process (IDP), they are enabling factors and
can support the creation of strategies, reasoning, insights and communication.

Originality/value {\textendash} The adoption of such BMTs, facilitating the codification of the characteristics of the IDP, might be particularly useful in those environments where, due to the lack of specialized resources, it is difficult to structure all of the information related to the innovation process and to
exploit the related benefits and opportunities. },
	keywords = {Coordination, Organizational Modelling},
	doi = {10.1108/14601060510578619},
	attachments = {https://crowston.syr.edu./sites/crowston.syr.edu/files/MethodsForModeling.pdf},
	author = {Scozzi, Barbara and Garavelli, C. and Kevin Crowston}
}
@proceedings {,
	title = {Information Systems in Organizations and Society: Speculating on the Next 25 Years of Research},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {35-52},
	address = {Manchester, UK, July},
	abstract = {The community of scholars focused on information systems in organizations and society (the IFIP 8.2 community) has grown in number, voice, and influence over the last 25 years. What will this community contribute during the next 25 years? We speculate on two possible areas: more articulate conceptualizations of information systems and more detailed socio-technical theories of their effects. For both of these possibilities, we project forward from the historical trajectory of the IFIP 8.2 community{\textquoteright}s involvement. Like all speculative scholarship, our argumentation is more about imagining possible directions than arguing the superiority of one particular view relative to all others. This considered speculation is directed at both stirring the community{\textquoteright}s collective mind and advancing the value of this community{\textquoteright}s work to interested others. },
	keywords = {Information System, Organization},
	attachments = {https://crowston.syr.edu./sites/crowston.syr.edu/files/sawyer_future-is-research.pdf},
	author = {Sawyer, Steve and Kevin Crowston}
}
@inbook {Crowston:1988,
	title = {Information technology and work organization},
	booktitle = {Handbook of Human-Computer Interaction},
	year = {1988},
	note = {Reprinted in Thomas J. Allen and Michael S. Scott Morton. (Eds), Information Technology and the Corporation of the 1990s (pp. 249{\textendash}275). New York: Oxford, 1994.},
	pages = {1051{\textendash}1070},
	publisher = {Elsevier},
	organization = {Elsevier},
	address = {Amsterdam},
	keywords = {Information Technology, Organization},
	isbn = {9780444705365},
	attachments = {https://crowston.syr.edu./sites/crowston.syr.edu/files/informationtechn00crow.pdf},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Malone, Thomas W.},
	editor = {Helander, M.}
}
@article {Crowston:1987,
	title = {Cognitive science and organizational design: A case study of computer conferencing},
	journal = {Human Computer Interaction},
	volume = {3},
	year = {1987},
	note = {Originally appeared in Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW '86) (pp. 43{\textendash}61). Austin, TX: ACM, 1986.
Reprinted in I. Grief (Ed.) Computer-supported cooperative work: A book of readings (pp. 713{\textendash}740). San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1988.},
	pages = {59{\textendash}85},
	abstract = {Many researchers have investigated and speculated about the link between information technology and organizational structure with very mixed results. This paper suggests that part of the reason for these mixed results is the coarseness of previous analyses of both technology and structure The paper describes a new and much more detailed perspective for investigating this link. Using concepts of object-oriented programming from artificial intelligence, the information processing that occurs in organizations is characterized in terms of the kinds of messages people exchange and the ways they process those messages The utility of this approach is demonstrated through the analysis of a case in which a reduction in levels of management is coupled with the introduction of a computer conferencing system The detailed model developed for this case helps explain both macro-level data about the changes in the organizational structure, and micro-level data about individuals{\textquoteright} use of the svstem.},
	keywords = {Organizational Modelling},
	doi = {10.1207/s15327051hci0301_4 },
	attachments = {https://crowston.syr.edu./sites/crowston.syr.edu/files/cognitivescience00crow.pdf},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Malone, Thomas W. and Lin, Felix}
}
@article {1987,
	title = {Cognitive science and organizational design: Assessing the impact of information technology on organizations},
	journal = {Data Base},
	volume = {18},
	year = {1987},
	chapter = {46},
	keywords = {Information Technology, Organization},
	attachments = {https://crowston.syr.edu./sites/crowston.syr.edu/files/acm\%20database\%20abstract.pdf},
	author = {Kevin Crowston}
}
@proceedings {Crowston:1986,
	title = {Assessing the impact of information technology on enterprise level performance},
	year = {1986},
	pages = {299{\textendash}310},
	address = {Indianapolis, IN},
	abstract = {Implicit in most of what we do in MIS is the belief that information technology (IT) has an impact on the bottom line of the business. Surprisingly, we rarely know if this is true. It is very difficult to trace and measure the effects of information technology through a web of intermediate impacts upon enterprise level performance. In this paper, we review research that has been performed on enterprise level impacts of information systems, with a particular emphasis on research that has attempted to measure those impacts. We begin with a survey of articles published within the last ten years. This is followed by a discussion of the reference disciplines that underlie most of this work. From this we are able to draw conclusions about future directions for research in this area.},
	keywords = {Information Technology, Organization},
	attachments = {https://crowston.syr.edu./sites/crowston.syr.edu/files/icis86.pdf},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Treacy, Michael E.}
}
@proceedings {1986,
	title = {Cognitive science and organizational design},
	year = {1986},
	pages = {43-61},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	address = {Austin, Texas},
	abstract = {Many researchers have investigated and speculated about the link between information technology and organizational structure with very mixed results. This paper suggests that part of the reason for these mixed results is the coarseness of previous analyses of both technology and structure. The paper describes a new and much more detailed perspective for investigating this link. Using concepts of object-oriented programming from artificial intelligence, the information processing that occurs in organizations is characterized in terms of the kinds of messages people exchange and the ways they process those messages. The utility of this approach is demonstrated through the analysis of a case in which a reduction in levels of management is coupled with the introduction of a computer conferencing system. The detailed model developed for this case helps explain both macro-level data about thd changes in the organizational structure, and micro-level data about individuals{\textquoteright} use of the system.},
	keywords = {Organizational Modelling},
	isbn = {1234567890},
	doi = {10.1145/637069.637076},
	attachments = {https://crowston.syr.edu./sites/crowston.syr.edu/files/p43-crowston.pdf},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Malone, Thomas W. and Lin, Felix}
}
